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Start with Identity

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Every breach starts with an identity. Learn to protect it.

Free lessons, attack breakdowns and honest tool reviews from the identity security community. Sourced, dated and free of sponsorship.

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Pick a learning path.

Each path strings together guides, standards pages and glossary entries already on the site, in the order we would read them. Start anywhere; nothing is gated.

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  1. 01beginner6 lessonsabout 30 min

    Identity basics

    1. 1What is identity and access management?
    2. 2Authentication vs authorization
    3. 3Identity provider
    + 3 more lessons
    1. 4Single sign-on (SSO)
    2. 5RBAC vs ABAC vs ReBAC
    3. 6What is zero trust?
    Begin with lesson 1
  2. 02intermediate8 lessonsabout 1 h

    Protocols: OAuth, OIDC, SAML

    1. 1OAuth vs OpenID Connect
    2. 2OAuth 2.0
    3. 3OpenID Connect
    + 5 more lessons
    1. 4SAML 2.0
    2. 5SAML vs OIDC
    3. 6PKCE
    4. 7JSON Web Token (JWT)
    5. 8Implementing OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect
    Begin with lesson 1
  3. 03intermediate6 lessonsabout 45 min

    Passkeys and MFA

    1. 1Multi-factor authentication (MFA)
    2. 2Phishing-resistant MFA
    3. 3Passkeys 101
    + 3 more lessons
    1. 4WebAuthn and FIDO2
    2. 5MFA implementation best practices
    3. 6MFA fatigue and push bombing
    Begin with lesson 1
  4. 04advanced7 lessonsabout 1.5 h

    Defend identity: PAM, ITDR, attack techniques

    1. 1What is privileged access management (PAM)?
    2. 2What is ITDR?
    3. 3Attacker-in-the-middle phishing proxy
    + 4 more lessons
    1. 4Session cookie theft
    2. 5OAuth consent phishing
    3. 6Identity threat detection and response guide
    4. 7Implementing privileged access management
    Begin with lesson 1

Learn it in a minute

What happens when you sign in?

Six steps between you, an identity provider and the app. Each one has a glossary entry, and each one is a place attackers aim for.

YouIdentity providerApp
  1. You

    You click “Sign in”

    The app does not check your password itself. It sends your browser to the identity provider it trusts.

    Glossary: Identity provider →
  2. Identity provider

    It asks who you are

    You prove the first factor: a password, or better, a passkey bound to this site.

    Glossary: Passkey →
  3. Identity provider

    MFA steps in

    A second factor, ideally phishing-resistant, so a stolen password alone is not enough.

    Glossary: MFA →
  4. Identity provider

    Tokens are issued

    An ID token says who you are. A separate access token says what the app may do for you.

    Glossary: ID token →
  5. App

    The app checks the token

    It verifies the signature, the audience and the expiry before it trusts a single claim.

    Glossary: Access token →
  6. App

    A session begins

    The app sets a session cookie. Steal that cookie and every step above is skipped.

    Glossary: Session hijacking →

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This week in identity.

News

PEERSTITCH implant tags FortiOS VPN sessions to skip security checks

Unit 42 found an in-memory FortiOS implant that patches the IKE daemon so tagged VPN sessions bypass default security validations. Attackers reached root with CVE-2025-61624, which CISA added to KEV on October 16, and stole VPN credentials from 500+ firewalls.

The digest · Issue 17

This Week in Identity, Issue 17

Shai-Hulud reaches an AI sandbox SDK with a wiper that fires when you revoke the stolen token, npm trusted publishing trusted reclaimable repository names, Denmark's national register was emptied through one company's search account, and Workday moves to buy C1.ai.

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This Week in Identity: the breaches, standards and vendor moves that matter, with sources linked. Free, no sponsorship, and every past issue is public.